Critical Care
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In Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Intensive Lowering of Blood Pressure Does Not Improve Outcome
After spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, there is a severe hypertensive response that may be associated with hematoma expansion and increased mortality. The INERACT-2 study (N Engl J Med 2013;368:2355-2365) looked at the effectiveness of blood pressure reduction within six hours after symptom onset, to a target systolic blood pressure of < 140 mmHg.
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Screening for C. difficile Carriers at Hospital Admission Reduces Subsequent CDI
Hospital patients were screened for C. difficile. Contact isolation led to a significant decrease in hospital-acquired C. difficile infections.
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Is There Added Diagnostic Value in Tracheal Aspirate Culture in Mechanically Ventilated Community-onset Pneumonia?
Tracheal aspirate cultures identified plausible pneumonia pathogens in more than half of newly intubated mechanically ventilated patients suffering from severe community-acquired pneumonia.
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The Use of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation May Lead to Earlier Extubation and Decreased Ventilator Adverse Events
The choice of dexmedetomidine or propofol over midazolam may improve outcomes in patients mechanically ventilated for three or more days.
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Post-cardiac Arrest Targeted Temperature Management
Advances in post-cardiac arrest management, such as therapeutic hypothermia, have improved both neurological outcomes and mortality significantly.
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Advances in Pediatric Abdominal Trauma: What’s New in Assessment and Management
This article will cover major points the provider needs to know to appropriately manage a child with potential abdominal trauma, including the acute resuscitation and specific organ injury management.
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Cerebral Microbleeds: Risk Factor for Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), as visualized on gradient-echo or susceptibility-weighted MRI, are considered markers of bleeding-prone cerebral microvessels and constitute a significant and independent predictor of future intracerebral hemorrhage. -
Buprenorphine Implant for Subdermal Administration (Probuphine)
The FDA has approved the first buprenorphine implant for the treatment of opioid dependence. Buprenorphine is a partial agonist at the mu-opioid receptor and an antagonist at the kappa-opioid receptor. Buprenorphine was previously approved as oral and sublingual tablets. The implant is marketed as Probuphine.
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Human Adenovirus B7: Severe Infection
ABSTRACT & COMMENTARY: Patients with HAdV-B7 were more likely to be adults and to have longer hospital stays.
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Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Appears More Effective Than Single Therapy
The CHANCE study showed that the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel was superior to aspirin alone for reducing the risk of stroke in the first 90 days after a TIA or minor ischemic stroke (N Engl J Med 2013;369:11-19).