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The authors review the classic course of common pediatric diseases associated with rashes, including varicella-zoster virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), roseola, and rubella. Understanding the classic patterns, disease progression, high-risk populations, and potential complications allow the ED physician to avoid unnecessary testing in low-risk patients with a classic presentation, and aggressively approach potentially significant rashes in high-risk populations (e.g., neonatal HSV). This article also is designed to increase ED physicians awareness of treatment strategies associated with common viral exanthems.
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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) was assessed in 105 patients with severe acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. The use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is effective to reduce intubation and mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
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No CT variables predicted severe in-hospital morbidity and mortality (death from pulmonary embolism, death from any cause, or cardiac arrest) in patients with PE. However, ventricular septal bowing and increased RV/LV diameter ratio were both strongly predictive of less severe morbidity, namely, subsequent ICU admission, and oligemia was associated with subsequent intubation and vasopressor use.
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Leapfrog Groups standards for critical care are not grounded sufficiently in evidence to mandate their stringent and universal implementation. Rather, most of the guidelines are grounded in common sense and rational extrapolation of the data. As such, they are a reasonable starting point for debate by physicians and policymakers about optimal methods of achieving intensivist-guided care of critically ill patients.
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Oral rofecoxib (Vioxx) may have a role in controlling postoperative pain patients undergoing knee surgery.
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Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a supportive life-saving therapy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the last decade, the possibility that MV can produce alterations in lungs, namely ventilator-induced lung injury, has been recognized.
