Clinical
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Weighing the Harms and Benefits of E-cigarettes
In a Cochrane review, there is evidence from two trials that nicotine containing e-cigarettes may help smokers to quit long-term compared with non-nicotine type.
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Transient Ischemic Attacks: A Missed Opportunity
SYNOPSIS: Patients with transient ischemic attacks were not given evidence-based secondary prevention for stroke at discharge from the hospital as often compared to patients with stroke, thus creating a missed opportunity to decrease the incidence of future stroke and cardiovascular disease.
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Predictors of Refractory Status Epilepticus
In a combined derivation and validation study, three independent risk factors for refractory status epilepticus were identified — acute symptomatic cause for seizures, stupor or coma, and a low serum albumin < 35 g/L. -
How Common Are Neuromuscular Disorders?
Synopsis: Although many specific neuromuscular disorders are rare, in aggregate, these all add up to a large number, roughly twice as common as multiple sclerosis, and about the same prevalence as Parkinson’s disease.
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Influenza, 2014-2015 — Something Old, Something New
As of early January, influenza activity had reached epidemic proportions in large parts of the United States, with many of those being affected despite prior vaccination.1 The occurrence of infection in vaccinated individuals is not unexpected since influenza vaccine efficacy is usually only approximately 60%.
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Does Your Patient Have a Central Venous Catheter?
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are essential to providing optimal care to many hospitalized patients.
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Neuroimaging Differences in Dyslexics: Chicken or Egg?
Neuroanatomical differences in primary sensory cortices may distinguish dyslexic individuals from non-dyslexic individuals, providing a potential biomarker for identifying adults who may be predisposed to developing atypical neurodegenerative disease. -
Take Me Out of the Ball Game: Acute Management and Long-term Consequences of Concussion in Childhood
The developing brain of a child may be particularly susceptible to injury from mild traumatic brain injury, such as a concussion. Recommending a longer period of strict rest after a concussion does not provide additional benefit when compared to consensus guidelines for care after a concussion in children and adolescents. However, in retired former NFL players, exposure to tackle football prior to age 12 is associated with executive dysfunction, memory impairment, and lower estimated verbal IQ later in life. -
Endometrial Protection: Which Progestogen Is Best?
After a lost decade, increasing numbers of women and providers are recognizing the benefits of postmenopausal hormonal therapy. For women with an intact uterus, endometrial protection is required when systemic estrogen therapy is used. Since activity at the glucocorticoid and androgen receptor may lead to adverse health effects in some women, use of pure progesterone receptor agonists may offer advantages. However, the use of natural progesterone is problematic due to low potency and poor bioavailability with oral dosing. Local therapy with the levonorgestrel intrauterine device (off-label) may be an excellent choice for many women. -
Delayed Cord Clamping
Although a recent study has failed to show major benefit from delayed umbilical cord clamping, others have suggested neonates having delayed cord clamping have less need for transfusion, higher hematocrits, less neonatal morbidity, and diminished risk of intraventricular hemorrhage.