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Integrative Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Micronutrient Supplements
This article will focus on the role of micronutrients in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, are required for many functions in the body, including glucose metabolism, insulin activity, and prevention of tissue oxidation. Unfortunately, chronic hyperglycemia has been shown to reduce the levels of various micronutrients in the body, which further disturbs glucose regulation and potentially worsens diabetic complications. Over the past few decades, researchers have examined the effects of supplementing these micronutrient deficiencies, and some of the most commonly encountered supplements in clinical practice are reviewed below.
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Does Bacteremia Associated with Bone and Joint Infections Require Prolonged IV Antibiotic Therapy?
Two hundred sixty-five previously healthy children with culture-proven acute bone or joint infection (age range 3 months to 15 years) were studied. -
A Modern Epidemiologic View of Status Epilepticus in the United States
Although definitions have changed, status epilepticus is presently defined as a prolonged seizure or multiple seizures with incomplete return to baseline function lasting longer than 5 minutes. -
Antibiotics for Acute Appendicitis
Appendectomy has been the treatment for acute appendicitis since the late nineteenth century. During the past decade, the notion of treating acute appendicitis with antibiotics alone has been proposed and evaluated in several clinical trials. However, these trials have been criticized because of methodological limitations.
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Is Peripheral Intravenous Administration of Vasopressors Really Safe?
Vasoactive medications are most commonly administered through central venous catheters -
Emergent Vascular Access: Is Intraosseous Better Than Central Venous Catheter Placement?
Traditionally, the easiest vascular access has been placement of a triple lumen catheter in the femoral vein, as anatomic landmarks here are often easier to identify than other areas, minimizing the need for ultrasound assistance. -
Rate and Predictors of Futile Hospital Transfers for Acute Stroke Endovascular Therapy
A large number of futile transfers take place for consideration of endovascular therapy, and better selection criteria need to be developed.
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Circadian Rhythms Predict Small Vessel Ischemic Disease
The presence of white matter infarcts and cerebral microbleeds is associated with disruption of sleep but not total sleep time.
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Pattern of Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated with Outcomes After Stroke
In a Japanese stroke registry, permanent as opposed to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was associated with higher in-hospital mortality after stroke.
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Blood Pressure Lowering After Acute Stroke: Can It Kill You?
Patients with chronically elevated blood pressure are at increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death, with a particularly increased risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Treatment to lower systolic BP decreases stroke risk, without an apparent lower threshold down to 120 mmHg. However, lowered SBP (≤ 120 mmHg) in the 5 years after a stroke may be associated with increased mortality. Lower SBP over a shorter period of time after a stroke in chronically hypertensive patients could potentially increase mortality as well.