Clinical
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Hormone Replacement Therapy Controversies: Have We Harmed Women?
The interpretation of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women has varied dramatically before and after the publication of the Women’s Health Initiative study in 2002. New studies question the validity of the conclusions reached by the investigators.
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Molecular Diagnostics: A Step Forward in Breast Cancer Treatment?
Use of a gene-expression assay to predict prognosis may reduce the need for adjuvant chemotherapy in some women with early stage invasive breast cancer.
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New Data on Atraumatic Tenaculum Pain Scores
ABSTRACT & COMMENTARY: There was no difference in pain scores between the standard single-tooth tenaculum and the atraumatic vulsellum tenaculum.
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: no payoff to physical therapy after healed ankle fracture; bisphosphonates and bone recurrence; and manipulating the microbiome.
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No More Bacon? Carcinogenicity of Meat
A review of published research by the World Health Organization concludes that processed meats are probably carcinogenic.
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Naloxone Nasal Spray (Narcan)
The FDA has approved naloxone in the form of a nasal spray as a life-saving medication to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose.
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Nicotinamide Chemoprevention for Skin Cancer Is Impressive
In a Phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, oral nicotinamide was safe and effective in reducing the rates of new nonmelanoma skin cancers and actinic keratoses in high-risk patients.
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Vitamin D Levels and Cognitive Function: Does It Make a Difference?
Similar to previous studies, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency rates were not significantly different between those with normal cognitive status, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. However, cognitive decline occurred at a significantly greater rate in individuals with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the areas of episodic memory and executive function.
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Is it Normal Aging or Chronic Kidney Disease?
Current clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease resulted in more than half of adults > 70 years of age having chronic kidney disease. Should these guidelines change to require age calibration for diagnosis and classification of chronic kidney disease?
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FDA Actions
In this section: the FDA approves a nasal spray to cease or reverse opioid overdose, recommends stronger warning labels on fluoroquinolones, and greenlights a once-daily, fixed-dose combination pill for treating HIV-1 infection.