Clinical
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Immediate vs. Delayed Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception
Administering long-acting reversible contraceptives before hospital discharge reduced pregnancy risk and increased usage at six months, making it an effective option for postpartum contraception.
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Are Deep Contraceptive Implant Removals Predictable?
In this retrospective cohort study of 747 patients undergoing contraceptive implant removal, lower body mass index at insertion, weight gain during use, and longer duration of use were risk factors for deep contraceptive implant removal procedures.
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HPV Vaccination Disparities Among Adult Women in the United States
A longitudinal, cross-sectional cohort study of 113,344 participants demonstrated that lack of health insurance, lack of stable employment, and lower income were significantly associated with decreased human papillomavirus vaccination uptake in women aged 18-47 years residing in the United States.
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Lebrikizumab-lbkz Injection (Ebglyss)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-13 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
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Metformin Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Outpatients with COVID-19
A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of outpatients with COVID-19 found that metformin reduced SARS-CoV-2 viral load 3.6-fold compared to placebo, while ivermectin and fluvoxamine showed no benefit.
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Blood Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
In this population-based study of patients in Sweden with cognitive complaints, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia, the use of blood biomarkers, specifically, phosphorylated tau 217 and amyloid-beta 42/40 ratios, improved the diagnostic accuracy for pathological Alzheimer’s disease in primary care patients as well as patients seen by dementia specialists.
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Treatment Direction After Unsuccessful Attempts at Smoking Cessation
This randomized trial found that, for patients unable to stop smoking after six weeks of treatment, increasing the dose of either varenicline or combination nicotine replacement therapy (CNRT) or switching from CNRT to varenicline, leads to an increased likelihood of success.
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Diagnostic Uncertainty in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
A national retrospective cohort study from the Veterans Administration found a high rate of diagnostic discordance for patients admitted and discharged for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Improvement in the diagnosis of CAP is needed.
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Eculizumab for Treating Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive NMOSD
In this retrospective study of a cohort of aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients treated with eculizumab, the authors reported efficacy with decreasing relapse rate, magnetic resonance imaging changes, and disability outcomes, but cautioned about the risk of serious infections.
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A microRNA Diagnostic Biomarker for ALS
A specific pattern of eight micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs) has been shown to differentiate patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from those with primary lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and healthy controls. It remains to be determined if these differences will continue throughout the course of the disease.