Clinical
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Antibiotic Stewardship in Outpatient Settings
The implementation of antibiotic stewardship principles in all outpatient settings is crucial to the struggle against growing antimicrobial resistance and to optimal patient outcomes.
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No Significant Association Between Autism Risk and Maternal Influenza and Vaccination
A very large cohort study over 11 years failed to find an association between autism risk and maternal influenza infection or influenza vaccination during pregnancy. A low risk of autism was associated on initial analysis with first-trimester vaccination, but adjusting statistically for the multiplicity of hypotheses tested in the study showed that this association could be due to chance (P = 0.10).
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Fecal Transplant vs. Oral Vancomycin Taper for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
In a small randomized, controlled trial that compared fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) administered by enema to a six-week oral vancomycin taper, FMT was not more effective for patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.
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Cardiorespiratory Fitness May Stave Off the Development of Depression
Lower cardiorespiratory fitness increases the risk of developing depression in adults.
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Is Low Vitamin D Status Connected to an Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes?
In Greenland Inuit, increasing serum hydroxyvitamin D3 was associated with a worsening of physiological measurements and definitions of glucose homeostasis, contrary to what was expected.
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Extra-virgin Olive Oil Reduces Postprandial Glucose in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
In this study, the authors demonstrated significantly improved postprandial glucose levels in patients that consumed high glycemic index meals with extra-virgin olive oil compared to meals with butter or low fat meals.
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Physical Activity ‘Moves’ Teens Away from Depression
Physical exercise may alleviate symptoms of depression in adolescents.
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The Effect of Stress on Food
Stress experienced prior to eating may raise inflammation levels as much as eating a high saturated fat meal in a relaxed state.
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U.S. Mortality from Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Declining
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage continues to be one of the most morbid stroke subtypes with a continuing high mortality. However, in most advanced centers around the world, mortality has been declining.
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Migraine and Stroke: Data Are Accumulating
this study shows a strong association between cardioembolic ischemic stroke and migraine with visual aura, but it does not explain the pathophysiology and mechanism for this association.