Clinical
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BCG Vaccinations and the False-positive Effect
Clinicians should consider that the bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination effect could influence tuberculin testing responsivity for an essentially indefinite period.
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Measuring Urine Calcium in Nephrolithiasis Patients
High sodium content in the diet increases calcium excretion in the urine, so sodium restriction may be beneficial. Thiazide diuretics reduce urinary calcium excretion and are useful when dietary and hydration steps are insufficient.
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Managing Diabetes: First Things First, or Vice Versa
Certain attributes suggest glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists might be an appropriate initial treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, supplanting metformin.
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Routine Preoperative Lab Tests for Elective Surgery
Historically, there have been an excessive number of pre-op tests performed that not only provide no benefit for patient outcomes, but actually may cause harm because of unnecessary expense as well as need for follow-up of incidental (usually irrelevant) abnormal findings.
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FDA Actions
In this section: The agency approves fixed-dose combination hepatitis C treatment, greenlights first U.S. gene therapy, and approves new urinary tract infection drug.
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Treating Pain and PTSD with Cannabis
There is insufficient evidence today to draw conclusions about the benefits and harms of plant-based cannabis preparations in patients with PTSD.
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Canagliflozin Reduces Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Patients
Canagliflozin resulted in a lower risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetics who were at high cardiovascular risk. However, there was a higher risk of amputation, which is a new finding.
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New Data Show Liraglutide Improves Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
In a recent trial, when added to usual care for type 2 diabetes, investigators concluded that liraglutide resulted in lower rates of the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease than placebo.
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Is This 4:1 Flutter?
The rhythm in the figure was diagnosed as atrial flutter with 4:1 AV conduction. Do you agree? How would you confirm your answer?
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: treating hypothyroidism in seniors; revisiting penicillin allergies; and new diverticulitis guidance.