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Dairy Intake and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease
Frequent consumption of dairy products is associated with a modest increased risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in women and men. In addition, intake of high-fat dairy is associated with decreased risk of PD.
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Diabetic Retinopathy, Associated Comorbidities, and Treatment Considerations
Diabetic retinopathy is a complex disorder of the microvascular and neuronal structure of the retina. Although poorly understood, the problem does not start in the retina, but rather begins through systemic metabolic dysfunction, which causes damage to retina vessels. This article will review the structure of the retina, the systemic pathophysiology of diabetes, the resulting damage to retinal structure and function, comorbidities, traditional treatments, and prevention and treatment for diabetic retinopathy and its comorbidities.
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Anti-MAG Antibodies: Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects
Anti-MAG antibody-associated neuropathy may present as many disorders, including small fiber neuropathy, sensorimotor neuropathy, Guillain-Barré-like syndrome, and multifocal motor neuropathy. Rituximab appears to be the best therapeutic option.
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Longitudinal tau PET as an Outcome Measure for Clinical Trials
tau PET imaging shows progression of brain Alzheimer’s pathology over time and correlates with cognitive impairment better than amyloid PET. In future clinical trials, tau PET can serve as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease progression.
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What Are the Early Predictors for Post-traumatic Epilepsy After Injury?
Following traumatic brain injury, early (first five days after injury) epileptiform abnormalities on EEG were seen more commonly in patients with subsequent post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), compared to controls, and were found to be a significant and independent predictor of PTE. The presence of subdural hemorrhage was the only other independent predictor of PTE.
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Intracranial Pressure Changes in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
After an exhaustive review of the animal and human studies literature regarding mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), Haider et al. did not reach consistent conclusions regarding evidence for intracranial pressure elevation in human patients who sustain an mTBI.
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Prediction of Persistent Post-concussion Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Persistent post-concussion syndrome may last for more than six months, and risk factors include female sex, neck pain, headache, and post-concussive symptoms at two weeks after the injury.
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Is It Acceptable to Die of Aortic Stenosis Without a TAVR?
Investigators performed a retrospective analysis of 544 patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) at one center to assess the contribution of a frailty score to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score for predicting mortality post-procedure. The frailty score was found to be an independent predictor of 30-day and one-year mortality and additive to the STS score.
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Prognostic Value of Left Ventricular Strain in Chronic Aortic Regurgitation
A retrospective observational study of the incremental value of echocardiographic global longitudinal strain (GLS) for predicting mortality in asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular function showed that GLS was a predictor of mortality. However, GLS was not as robust as undergoing surgery was for predicting mortality.
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Vegetarian Diet vs. Mediterranean Diet to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk
A randomized, open, cross-over study of a vegetarian diet (VD) compared to the Mediterranean diet (MD) over three months showed that both reduced body weight and body fat mass. The VD decreased LDL cholesterol, and MD reduced triglyceride levels. The MD reduced inflammatory markers, and the VD reduced vitamin B12 levels.