Clinical
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Clinical Context and Outcomes in Stress Cardiomyopathy
An analysis of the International Takotsubo Registry showed that long-term mortality is similar to that observed in patients with acute coronary syndromes but varies widely depending on the triggering event.
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Tafamidis Improves Survival in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis
Treatment with tafamidis in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patients produced reductions in all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalizations. This was the first medical therapy to demonstrate improved survival for patients with this condition.
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MitraClip Falls Short in First Randomized Trial Specific to Functional Mitral Regurgitation
The authors of a recent study concluded that percutaneous mitral valve repair with MitraClip did not significantly alter rates of death and heart failure hospitalization at one year over medical therapy alone.
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Who Really Needs Intensive Blood Pressure Control?
A patient baseline characteristics level analysis of the SPRINT and ACCORD trials resulted in the creation of a simple algorithm for identifying high-risk patients who experienced fewer major cardiac events without increased serious adverse events from intensive blood pressure therapy.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Pet Snake Snacks: A Salmonella Treat; Linking HIV-positive Inmates to Outpatient Care
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Prophylactic Antibiotics for Acute Aspiration
Researchers compared outcomes in patients with aspiration pneumonitis who received prophylactic antibiotics during the first two days after macro-aspiration to patients who received only supportive care during this time. Among the 200 patients meeting the acute aspiration pneumonitis case definition, antimicrobial prophylaxis was not associated with improvement in mortality. However, patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics required more frequent escalation of antibiotics and received more days of antibiotics than those who were managed initially with supportive care alone.
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Oral Vancomycin Is the Most Cost-effective Treatment for the First Recurrence of Clostridium Difficile Infection
The authors of a pharmacoeconomic study comparing bezlotoxumab plus oral vancomycin, oral vancomycin alone, and fidaxomicin found that oral vancomycin alone was the most cost-effective regimen to treat the first recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection.
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Infections Associated With Travel to the United States
Infectious illness is common in travelers from other countries visiting the United States. Skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal illness are most likely, but specific geographic illnesses such as Lyme disease also occur.
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IV to Oral Antibiotic Switch for Selected Cases of Endocarditis
Completion of therapy of selected patients with infective endocarditis with orally administered antibiotics is feasible, safe, and effective.
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Meropenem vs. Piperacillin-tazobactam for Bacteremia Due to ESBL-Producers: The MERINO Trial
In an open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial evaluating the efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam vs. meropenem for definitive therapy in treating bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, piperacillin-tazobactam therapy did not result in noninferior 30-day, all-cause mortality compared to meropenem. Investigators stopped the trial early due to futility.