Clinical
RSSArticles
-
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Involvement in Posture, Gait, and Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
The features of gait difficulty, postural instability, and cognitive deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease appear to be attributable to degeneration of cholinergic basal forebrain systems, including loss of fiber tract integrity and reduction of cortical projections.
-
Medications for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Note of Caution
In this post hoc secondary analysis of a Phase II/III randomized clinical trial of davunetide for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), investigators found that patients with PSP prescribed benzodiazepine derivatives experienced more rapid worsening of their PSP Rating Scale scores over time.
-
Neuropeptides in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome
The diurnal onset of restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been replicated in a mouse model using central instillation of the main melanocortin agonist, α-MSH, which stimulates excessive locomotion and grooming in rodents as well as a state of hyperalgesia. The actions of β-endorphin (β-EDP) oppose those of α-MSH, since β-EDP promotes passivity and analgesia. In this study, these prohormones were measured in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with RLS and compared to controls. Patients with RLS had elevated levels of α-MSH and lower levels of β-EDP compared to the control group.
-
Posterior Cortical Atrophy: An Important Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease
This is the first comprehensive international study of patients with posterior cortical atrophy, including clinical, biomarker, and pathology data from 1,092 patients. These patients present at a younger age, have a very high prevalence of amyloid positivity on cerebrospinal fluid studies and positron emission tomography, and 94% had autopsy evidence of Alzheimer’s disease.
-
Dyeing to Death: Examining the Risks of Red 40 and High-Fat Diets
This study exploring colorectal cancer development reveals that Allura Red AC (Red 40), a synthetic dye prevalent in many American diets, causes significant deoxyribonucleic acid damage and colonic inflammation in mice, especially when combined with a high-fat diet.
-
Identifying Risk Factors for Young-Onset Dementia
In this large, population-based prospective cohort study, the investigators identified 15 risk factors that have strong associations with young-onset dementia. Modifications of these risk factors might delay the onset of, or prevent the development of, young-onset dementia.
-
Caring After COVID: Is Brain Impairment After Severe COVID-19 Worse Than Other Diseases?
The authors of this prospective cohort study with matched controls found that long-term brain health following severe COVID-19 hospitalization was impaired but was similar to hospitalization from other severe diseases.
-
Birch Triterpenes Topical Gel (Oleogel-S10) (Filsuvez)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a treatment for wounds associated with junctional epidermolysis bullosa and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa not specific to a particular mutation. Birch triterpene is a botanical drug substance composed of a mixture of pentacyclic triterpenes (e.g., botulin, lupeol, betulinic acid, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid) formulated as a topical gel.
-
Buprenorphine May Be an Effective Alternative to Full Opioids for Pain in the ICU
In a small, single-center, retrospective, propensity-matched cohort study examining enteral oxycodone vs. sublingual buprenorphine in a critically ill population, pain control was equivalent, indicating that sublingual buprenorphine may be an effective and appropriate alternative.
-
Long-Term Follow-Up Confirms Efficacy of Invasive Strategy in Very Old Patients with Non-ST-Elevation ACS
In this long-term analysis of patients in the After Eighty Study, with a mean age of 85 years and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, an invasive strategy showed a reduction in a composite endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular events and was associated with a significant improvement in event-free survival compared with a conservative approach.