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Ceftriaxone-Resistant Salmonella Typhi in the United States Associated with Travel to or from Pakistan and Iraq
Typhoid fever resulting from antibiotic-resistant strains is being imported from Pakistan and Iraq.
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IDSA Sepsis Committee and SEP-1 Quality Measures
The IDSA Sepsis Committee proposes that The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Early Management Bundle (SEP-1) should be applied only to septic shock, not sepsis without shock.
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Contact Isolation Is Not Better than Standard Precautions for Decreasing Acquisition of ESBL-Producing Enterobacterales
In a multicenter, cluster-randomized crossover trial, researchers compared standard precautions vs. contact isolation for preventing acquisition of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in non-intensive care unit settings. Contact isolation did not decrease the number of hospital-acquired ESBL-E cases, which questions the value of the practice.
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Monotherapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia — Which β-Lactam Antibiotic Is Best?
No significant difference in the mortality of patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia was seen regardless of treatment with a carbapenem, ceftazidime, or piperacillin-tazobactam. However, the emergence of resistance occurred significantly more frequently in those treated with a carbapenem — largely related to imipenem use.
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Macrolides During Pregnancy — Behind the Headlines
Despite published concerns, there is no good evidence that macrolide use during pregnancy causes birth defects.
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Remdesivir and COVID-19
Remdesivir is safe and moderately effective in the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
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Preventing Post-Extubation Respiratory Failure: Can We Decrease Risk in our High-Risk Populations?
A multicenter, randomized clinical trial of 641 adults deemed ready for weaning after at least 24 hours of mechanical ventilation revealed that the use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) with noninvasive ventilation immediately after extubation significantly decreased the risk of reintubation compared to HFNO alone in mechanically ventilated patients who were at high risk of extubation failure.
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High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Adult Acute Care
A relatively new modality, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy is used commonly to treat acute respiratory failure.
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Cheap, Common Steroid Shows Efficacy Against COVID-19
British researchers are excited about their discovery, but full results have not been published.