Cardiology
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Black Elderberry Supplementation for Upper Respiratory Infection Symptoms
SYNOPSIS: A meta-analysis of results from four randomized, controlled clinical studies evaluating the effect of black elderberry supplementation suggests that the botanical significantly reduces upper respiratory symptoms due to common cold and influenza viruses.
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Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders May Negatively Affect Children’s Psychological Development
A recently published paper revealed certain health problems during pregnancy can lead to emotional and behavioral disorders in children.
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Antibiotic Therapy to Reduce the Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia After Cardiac Arrest
In this prospective, randomized trial, intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate (dosed three times daily and given for two days) administered to patients admitted with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to a shockable rhythm reduced the incidence of early ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Maximal Lung Recruitment Strategy Does Not Reduce Ventilator-Free Days in the Setting of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
In this randomized trial, daily maximal recruitment trials failed to reduce ventilator-free days in the setting of acute respiratory distress syndrome, but increased the risk of cardiovascular adverse effects.
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Impact of Intensive Care Unit Personnel Decisions and Staffing on Patient Outcomes
Nurses with relatively high autonomy, alongside a dedicated intensive care unit (ICU) clinical pharmacist and 24/7 intensivist coverage, were associated with the lowest hospital mortality, shortest ICU lengths of stay, and shortest mechanical ventilator durations compared to other staffing models.
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Vitamin C, Thiamine, and Hydrocortisone for Septic Shock
The combination of vitamin C, thiamine, and hydrocortisone did not improve outcomes compared with hydrocortisone alone in patients with septic shock.
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Many Serious Cardiac Complications of Pregnancy Are Preventable
Investigators determined about half of serious cardiac complications of pregnancy are preventable.
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Coronary CT Angiography to Identify Plaque Stabilization
Researchers identified subjects with no known coronary artery disease drawn from a large international, multicenter registry of coronary CT angiography. Subjects were divided into matched pairs with and without a subsequent acute coronary syndrome event. The authors demonstrated those with a high density of calcium plaques experienced the fewest events, suggesting high-density calcium plaques are stable.
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TAVR in Bicuspid Aortic Valves
Investigators assessed the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) data, with a focus on the use of newer TAVR devices in patients with bicuspid aortic valve vs. tricuspid aortic valves. They found the outcomes post-procedure and for one year are not significantly different between the two types of native valve anatomy. -
Antiplatelet Agents Add to Bleeding Risk, Do Not Add Benefit in TAVR Patients Already on Oral Anticoagulation
In a randomized trial of patients already on anticoagulation undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement, adding clopidogrel to oral anticoagulation increased the incidence of serious bleeding vs. oral anticoagulation alone, but did not improve cardiovascular outcomes.