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The oral absorption and clearance of either amoxicillin or cefaclor was tested in women who also ingested cranberry juice cocktail. Although there was modest slowing of absorption (amoxicillin and cefaclor) and decreased maximum serum drug concentration (cefaclor) when the cranberry groups were compared to control groups (water), the overall clinical effect seemed to be negligible.
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One-third of adults older than age 40 has vestibular dysfunction.
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In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, researchers showed that a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet with a macronutrient profile that approximates the maintenance phase of well-known low-carbohydrate diets in humans significantly worsens the development and severity of aortic atherosclerosis in the absence of significant changes in well-established biomarkers for cardiovascular disease. In addition, such a diet appears to impair neovascularization in response to ischemia.
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This survey study assessed religious behavior, affective state, and health behaviors in a group of 167 adult cancer survivors. A measure of religious experience was associated with self-confidence, while religious struggle was associated with feelings of guilt, and all were associated with some health behaviors. After controlling for affective state, associations with the religion variables were no longer statistically significant, though a measurable indirect effect, mediated by affective state, could be detected.
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A subgroup analysis on elderly Chinese patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) revealed beneficial effects of Xuezhikang, a red yeast rice extract. Risk of coronary and all-cause deaths were significantly lowered, total cholesterol and LDL- cholesterol levels were reduced, and HDL-cholesterol levels were increased significantly compared to placebo.
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Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel has become the standard of care for patients suffering an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, there remains a significant incidence of recurrent ACS and mortality even in patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy. Furthermore, clopidogrel is an irreversible platelet inhibitor, and patients requiring urgent surgery are at higher risk of bleeding if operated on within 5-7 days of clopidogrel use.
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Current recommendations for stroke prophylaxis with warfarin for patients with atrial fibrillation do not take into account the risks of hemorrhage. Thus, Singer et al from Kaiser Permanente studied more than 13,000 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation to estimate the net clinical benefit of warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation (reduction in thromboembolism minus the increase in intracranial hemorrhage).
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This randomized, single-center study demonstrated that light-sedation strategies in a mixed surgical and medical ICU population are associated with decreased ICU length-of-stay and duration of mechanical ventilation without adverse effects on patient safety or mental well-being.
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In patients with obstructive sleep apnea who are treated with CPAP, those who report persistent sleepiness are more likely to have history of depression, diabetes, and heart disease, and to have been sleepier prior to treatment.
