Cardiology
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Melatonin and Chemotherapy: A Review
Recently, melatonin and its potential benefits in cancer and chemotherapy have been discussed in varying publications. However, it is unclear how many individuals may be using it to promote sleep or for other health reasons such as an adjunctive therapy in cancer treatment.
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Soy Isoflavones on Metabolic Markers in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
This 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that soy isoflavones affected some metabolic parameters but not others in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
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An ‘Ounce of Prevention’ May Keep Off Pounds
Specific self-regulation techniques are shown to be effective at preventing weight gain in young adults.
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Warning: Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection During Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
SYNOPSIS: Prior to initiation of hepatitis C virus treatment with direct-acting antivirals, patients should be screened for hepatitis B virus coinfection. Those who are hepatitis B virus-infected should receive ongoing monitoring for flares and reactivation of hepatitis B.
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Vasopressin as a Single Vasopressor Agent in Patients with Septic Shock
SYNOPSIS: The use of vasopressin as a vasopressor for septic shock produced similar outcomes as the use of norepinephrine.
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What Influences ICU Admission?
SYNOPSIS: There is widespread variability between hospitals in rates of ICU admission. High ICU utilization hospitals were more likely to use invasive procedures and incurred higher costs than low ICU utilization hospitals with no difference in mortality.
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Reported Beta-lactam Allergy Is Associated with More Adverse Events Among Inpatients
SYNOPSIS: A prospective cohort study from three hospitals determined that patients who did not receive a preferred beta-lactam antibiotic were at greater risk for an adverse event (adjusted odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-7.89) compared to controls without a beta-lactam allergy.
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Outcomes in Patients Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia After In-hospital Cardiac Arrest
SYNOPSIS: Current guidelines recommend the use of therapeutic hypothermia in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, even though its efficacy has been demonstrated only in randomized trials after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This non-randomized, observational cohort study based on a large national registry found that the use of therapeutic hypothermia was associated with lower likelihood of survival and less favorable neurological outcome in patients successfully resuscitated after an in-hospital cardiac arrest.
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Recently Diagnosed Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients Are at Risk for Major Arrhythmic Events
Patients with recently diagnosed idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy are at marked risk of major arrhythmia events that are neither well-predicted by traditional methods nor protected against by defibrillator implantation more than three months after diagnosis.
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Diastolic Blood Pressure Goals
An analysis of the community-based ARIC study showed that low diastolic blood pressures were associated with higher baseline and subsequent troponin T levels and adverse cardiac events, but not stroke.