Cardiology
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Antibiotic Treatment in Community-acquired Pneumonia
In patients with newly diagnosed community-acquired pneumonia, basing the duration of antibiotic treatment on clinical stability criteria led to a significant reduction in duration of antibiotic treatment without an increased risk of adverse outcomes.
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Is There an Optimal Blood Pressure Target in Patients Presenting with Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Recently, two large randomized, controlled trials compared intensive blood pressure control with permissive hypertension in the setting of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. The authors of the two trials reached seemingly differing conclusions, leading to confusion on how to best manage patients.
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Troponin Highly Prognostic in Decompensated Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Among patients with acute decompensated heart failure and preserved ejection fraction, elevated troponin is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival, independent of other predictors.
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Utility of Serial Coronary Calcium Scores
Researchers determined recently that if serial scans are performed, the most recent scan should be used for risk assessment, and the degree of CT calcium score progression adds no further prognostic information.
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A New Risk Score for Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation
A new, simpler score for stroke risk prediction in atrial fibrillation patients uses biomarkers to supplant many clinical variables and outperforms the CHA2DS2-VASc score in two large cohorts.
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Orbiting the Truth of Heart Failure Incidence and Implications in Those with Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation
Patients presenting with atrial fibrillation are at elevated risk for the development of heart failure, typically with preserved ejection fraction, which is associated with increased risk of death and hospitalization.
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NOACs in Patients Requiring Anticoagulation Post-PCI
In patients with atrial fibrillation post-percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement, recently studied regimens conferred a significantly lower risk of clinically important bleeding compared to standard triple therapy with full-dose warfarin.
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Sacubitril/Valsartan Associated with Reduced Risk of Hyperkalemia
\In a secondary analysis of the PARADIGM-HF trial, the risk of severe hyperkalemia in heart failure patients taking a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist was lower among patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan compared to those receiving enalapril.
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Zika Virus Infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: The Evidence Grows
A recent Zika outbreak in Colombia was associated with a significant increase in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) rates, with laboratory evidence of definite or probable Zika infection in more than half of the GBS cases.
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Early Initiation of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy May Reduce Mortality in Patients Who Require Dialysis
Initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy for patients with Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes stage 2 renal failure reduced 90-day all-cause mortality.