Cardiology
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B Vitamins and Hip Fracture Risk: To B or Not to B?
Researchers conducted a secondary analysis and extended follow-up of two large, randomized, controlled trials to show the relationship between supplementing with B vitamins and the incidence of hip fractures.
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Chicken or Egg: Does Improving Sleep Improve Mental Health?
Authors of this large, randomized, controlled study strongly suggest that better sleep leads to improvement in several areas of mental health, and that a digital form of cognitive behavior therapy can significantly help in treatment of insomnia.
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Aerobic Exercise and Heart Health: Is It Ever Too Late to Start?
In this prospective, randomized, controlled trial, researchers demonstrated improvements in exercise tolerance and diastolic cardiac function in middle-aged, healthy, sedentary men and women performing intensive aerobic exercise over a two-year period.
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Atrial Flutter, Atrial Fibrillation, and Ischemic Stroke
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Therapeutic Strategies for Hypertension
This article on hypertension will cover treatments (pharmacological and nonpharmacological), initial therapy, relationship to various disease conditions (diabetes, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic stroke, stroke prevention, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, aortic regurgitation, sexual dysfunction), resistant hypertension, hypertensive crises and emergencies, preoperative management, and adherence strategies.
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Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio vs. Fractional Flow Reserve: Defining Low-risk Population for Deferral of PCI
Researchers recently found that deferral of percutaneous coronary intervention based on fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio is equally safe, with a low one-year major adverse cardiac event rate of approximately 4%.
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Substance Abuse and Myocardial Infarction
Among patients ≤ 50 years of age with first myocardial infarctions, use of cocaine or marijuana increased the likelihood of an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and the subsequent risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
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Risk of Infective Endocarditis Revisited
In a comparison of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and either bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) or mitral valve prolapse (MVP) vs. other IE patients at high or low to moderate risk of IE, BAV and MVP patients were more likely to exhibit viridans streptococci group infections of suspected odontogenic origin and cardiac complications at similar rates to high-risk patients.
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Home-based Detection of Undiagnosed Atrial Fibrillation
In patients with risk factors for atrial fibrillation, screening with a self-applied wearable ECG patch resulted in significantly increased rates of new atrial fibrillation diagnoses within four months, along with greater use of anticoagulants and healthcare resources.
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Canagliflozin Reduces Risk of Heart Failure Hospitalizations for Diabetic Patients
In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, canagliflozin lowered the risk of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization. Patients with pre-existing heart failure may experience even greater benefit.