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In this two-part insulin primer, the authors will explore all aspects of insulin therapy. The first article will review the currently available forms of insulin, their formulation, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and appropriate use in diabetes therapy. The authors will address the practical aspects of insulin therapy including when and how to start insulin, review titration regimens, and provide insight into selecting insulins to best match patient needs.
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The term thrombocytopenia refers to platelet counts < 150,000/microL, with severe thrombocytopenia defined as a count < 50,000/microL.
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Mean daily doses of up to 40 mg of prednisone equivalents and lengthy ICU stays were associated with impaired physical outcomes in patients who survived acute lung injury.
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In this retrospective study of extubation outcomes in five ICUs at a single medical center, patients extubated at night had no increase in adverse events and their mortality rates and lengths of ICU stay were lower.
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A DNA identification technique led this research group to postulate that many herbal products and herbal leaf samples were incorrectly identified and/or adulterated.
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Vitamin D3 supplementation in patients with persistent asthma and low serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) did not show improvement in the clinical efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids.
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A meta-analysis and systematic review found vitamin C supplementation improved endothelial function in patients with diabetes, atherosclerosis, and heart failure.
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Lipoic acid (LA) is a supplement that has much current interest for a variety of therapeutic reasons. Historically, its use as an antioxidant has been known for a long period of time.