Cardiology
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Safety of Carvedilol for Cocaine Users
The use of beta-blockers in cocaine users is controversial, and there are few data on their use in cocaine-associated heart failure. This prospective, observational, registry study of cocaine-associated heart failure patients showed that carvedilol is safe and effective in such patients.
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Planning Therapy for Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
A retrospective study of moderate to severe secondary tricuspid valve regurgitation showed that right ventricular systolic dysfunction (but not dilatation alone) is predictive of all-cause mortality.
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Predicting Chemotherapy Cardiotoxicity
Administering trastuzumab after a course of anthracycline therapy for breast cancer can result in cardiac toxicity. Serial echocardiograms in this study showed that a lower initial left ventricular ejection fraction before anthracycline therapy and the amount of decrease in ejection fraction after the anthracycline course are predictive of subsequent trastuzumab cardiac toxicity.
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When and How to Stop Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After PCI
Among patients with high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention who had completed three months of dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor, patients who were randomized to ticagrelor alone experienced similar ischemic outcomes and a lower risk of bleeding at one year compared with those maintained on ticagrelor and aspirin.
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Semaglutide Tablets (Rybelsus)
Semaglutide is indicated as adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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After Ischemic Stroke Related to Atrial Fibrillation, Direct Oral Anticoagulants Are Superior to Vitamin K Antagonists
Researchers investigated the benefits and risks of early anticoagulation following acute ischemic stroke, and compared the effects of direct oral anticoagulants vs. vitamin K antagonists.
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Amyloid, Tau, Neurodegeneration Diagnostic Framework to Predict Memory Decline Before the Onset of Dementia
In a population-based longitudinal study of older individuals without dementia, the inclusion of imaging biomarkers for amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration modestly improved the ability to predict memory decline compared to a model that only used clinical data and APOE genotype.
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Blood Pressure Targets in the Elderly
The authors of a large population study found that reducing blood pressure to < 140/90 mmHg is associated with increased mortality, and mortality was highest in those with previous cardiovascular events and age > 80 years.
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Vaping and Severe Acute Pneumonitis
Hundreds of cases of lung injury possibly related to vaping have been reported to the CDC. Evidence to date suggests the illness is a form of acute lipoid pneumonia likely related to inhalation of lipid materials.
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What Might Account for the ST-T Changes?
The ECG in the figure was obtained from a 65-year-old woman who presented with an exacerbation of heart failure. A medical history revealed she was taking multiple medications. The patient was dyspneic and complained about intermittent chest pain.