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Coronary CT Angiography in the General Population
Coronary artery CT angiography in asymptomatic, middle-aged subjects without known coronary artery disease showed coronary atherosclerosis is common but mostly mild and appears in women after a 10-year delay.
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Fish Consumption, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease
Is there enough scientific evidence to suggest associations between fish consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease (or of mortality) among people who consume fish vs. those who do not?
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Drinking More Coffee May Protect Against Cognitive Decline
Among adults older than age 60 years, heavier coffee consumption was associated with slower cognitive decline in executive function and less beta-amyloid accumulation.
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Dietary Modifications with Linoleic Acid Can Have an Effect on Gut and Brain Inflammation
This study will widen the scope of discussion on the treatment of neurological disorders. Nutritional supplements need to be discussed with caution until clear recommendations can be given based on clinical trials and other strong evidence of efficacy without significant side effects.
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Parabacteroides, Flavonoid-Rich Foods, and Lower Blood Pressure
Results showed that higher dietary intake of total flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins polymers, were associated with statistically significant lower systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure.
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Neuropathological Variability of NMDAR-Encephalitis
The neuropathological features of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-encephalitis are described in an autopsy cohort of four patients — two diagnosed in life with comorbid brain disorders, and two diagnosed at autopsy and never treated. The two untreated patients had inflammatory infiltrates composed of perivascular and parenchymal T cells and B cells/plasma cells in the basal ganglia, amygdala, and hippocampus. The two treated patients had variable pathologies that reflected their underlying neurological disorders (lymphoproliferative disease and multiple sclerosis). Overall, the topographic distribution of inflammation in patients with NMDAR-encephalitis reflects the clinical symptoms of movement disorders, abnormal behavior, and memory dysfunction with inflammation predominantly observed in the basal ganglia, amygdala, and hippocampus. Loss of NMDAR-immunoreactivity correlated with disease severity.
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Birth Hospital ZIP Code and Neonatal Outcomes in Very Preterm Birth
This work may serve as a reminder to the healthcare provider of the importance of developing a complete and nuanced understanding of a patient and recognizing that environment often affects healthcare risk factors and wellness efforts.
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Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Stable CIDP: Stop or Taper?
First-line therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), but the timing and method for withdrawal of this treatment are uncertain. In a retrospective review of stable patients on IVIG, investigators at the National Hospital in London observed that there was no significant difference in the likelihood of deterioration or response to retreatment if IVIG was stopped abruptly or tapered slowly.
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Neuropathological Findings in the Brains of Patients Who Died from COVID-19
In an autopsy study of 41 patients who died from COVID-19 in a single medical center in New York City, most of the brain pathology was the result of hypoxic-ischemic injury, infarction, and hemorrhage, with microglial activation and neuronophagia caused by inflammation. Studies for the presence of viral proteins were negative, and very low levels of viral ribonucleic acid were detected.
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Thalamic Stroke and Sleep Impairment: An Experiment of Nature
In a detailed clinical and electrophysiological study of sleep patterns in 12 patients with thalamic stroke, comparing them with 11 patients who had extrathalamic stroke, the investigators identified a marked decrease in slow wave sleep activity in the group with thalamic stroke. The clinical significance of this finding is uncertain but may have an effect on daytime cognitive performance.