Levator myalgia is a prevalent condition in women presenting with pelvic floor symptoms and is associated with greater symptom bother. Fibromyalgia is associated with an increased risk of levator ani myalgia in women presenting with prolapse.
The findings in a recent study in which investigators evaluated the relative contributions of pre-pregnant weight, weight gain in pregnancy, and the presence of gestational diabetes on the rate of large-for-gestational age fetuses has shed light on how this true complication of pregnancy can be diminished.
In this cross-sectional survey of 333 women, the majority reported current pubic hair removal (87%), and two-thirds reported removing all their pubic hair. Most women (60%) had experienced at least one complication because of the removal, the most common complications being epidermal abrasions and ingrown hairs.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifene and raloxifene are now well-established therapeutics, and new agents such as bazedoxifene and ospemifene have recently been introduced. These new agents have unique tissue-specific profiles that allow for a customization of therapeutic effect. In this review, the profiles of bazedoxifene and ospemifene will be compared and discussed relevant to their place in clinical practice.
