Infectious Disease Alert – December 1, 2011

December 1, 2011

• Abstract & Commentary: Pertussis in Infants in California

  A total of 32 infants younger than age 3 months with pertussis hospitalized at a large childrens hospital in Southern California were compared to 92 control patients hospitalized with RSV or influenza virus infections.

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• Anti-Infective Update: No More Xigris®

  Xigris® (drotrecogin alfa [activated]), a recombinant form of human activated protein C, received FDA approval in November 2001 for the reduction of mortality in adult patients with severe sepsis with a high risk of death.

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• Abstract & Commentary: Streptococcus bovis Group Organisms and the Association with Colon Cancer: Pinning the Tail on the Donkey

  The association between S. bovis group infection (particularly endocarditis) and concurrent colorectal neoplasia has been known for some time.

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• Abstract & Commentary: Lyme Meningitis in Children with Aseptic Meningitis

  A descriptive study enrolled children 2-18 years of age presenting to a pediatric emergency department in Rhode Island during the months of April through December of 2006-2009. Children were enrolled who had pleocytosis, defined as white blood cell count of > 8/mm3 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), in the absence erythema migrans rash, cranial neuropathy, papilledema, a positive Gram stain, antibiotic use within 2 weeks, chronic

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• Special Feature: What’s New in the HIV Treatment Guidelines?

  A revision to the Jan. 10, 2011, Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents was published on Oct. 14, 2011.

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• Abstract & Commentary: New Malaria Recommendations for Greece — October, 2011

  Greek health authorities recently published findings of 36 cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Greece occurring between May 2011 and September 2011.

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• Case Report: Seaweed Poultices and Vibrio Infection

  This report details the occurrence of an infected, cellulitic lower extremity wound infection in a 70-year-old British woman secondary to an unusual Vibrio species, V. alginolyticus.

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• Updates By Carol A. Kemper, MD, FACP

  Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs exclusively in infants born to mothers who acquire primary infection during their pregnancy. Unfortunately, many of these infections occur without clinical signs or symptoms, and the mothers go untreated.

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• Pharmacology Watch: HPV Vaccine Now Recommended for Males

  In this issue: New recommendations for HPV vaccine; guidelines for treatment of essential tremor; updates on smoking cessation drugs; and FDA actions.

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• Clinical Briefs in Primary Care supplement

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