Who Can Receive the Non-mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Now?
By Stan Deresinski, MD, FACP, FIDSA
Clinical Professor of Medicine, Stanford University
SYNOPSIS: The FDA recently limited the use of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.
SOURCE: U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Coronavirus (COVID-19) update: FDA limits use of Janssen COVID-19 vaccine to certain individuals. May 5, 2022.
On May 5, the FDA restricted the use of the Janssen/J&J COVID-19 vaccine only to individuals age 18 years and older for whom other authorized vaccines are unfeasible or it is the only available choice because they have elected its use and would otherwise not receive vaccination.
COMMENTARY
In contrast to the mRNA vaccines from both Pfizer and Moderna, the Janssen/J&J vaccine contains recombinant replication-incompetent adenovirus 26 expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. It initially received emergency use authorization in February 2021, but its administration was paused three months later to allow the FDA to investigate six reported cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) occurring after receipt of this vaccine. The hold was lifted just 10 days later at a time when a total of 15 cases of TTS occurred after approximately 8 million doses had been identified. Eight months later, in December 2021, the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended the preferential use of mRNA vaccines over the Janssen vaccine and indicated circumstances in which it could be considered. These were basically identical to the current recommendation. As of March 18, the FDA and CDC had identified 60 confirmed cases of TTS, eight of which were fatal. They calculated a TTS case rate of 3.23 per million administered vaccine doses, with a fatality rate of 0.48 per million.
The FDA provides the following as examples of individuals who still may be candidates for the Janssen/J&J vaccine. These include those with a history of an anaphylactic reaction to an mRNA vaccine and those who would not otherwise receive vaccination because they decline receipt of an mRNA vaccine over personal concerns. The FDA has published a revised fact sheet for healthcare providers.1 For patients who fear mRNA vaccines, the Novavax vaccine, comprised of spike protein nanoparticles combined with an adjuvant, is under review at the FDA.
REFERENCE
1. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Fact sheet for healthcare providers administering vaccine (vaccination providers). Revised May 5, 2022.
The FDA recently limited the use of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.
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