Articles Tagged With: children
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Medical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis in Children
A meta-analysis demonstrated a 90.5% success rate of medical treatment compared to appendectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in children 5-15 years of age. There was a nearly nine-fold higher risk of failure with antibiotic treatment, indicating that appendectomy remains the standard of care.
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Stridor in the Infant and Young Child
Stridor is a high-pitched, monophonic sound caused by turbulent air flow through a narrowed airway, and is a common symptom among young children presenting to the emergency department.
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Antibiotic Use in Children — a Cross-national Analysis
Up to 7.5-fold differences in antibiotic use in children were seen across six developed countries in Europe, Asia, and North America. The highest rate of antibiotic use was in Korea, and the lowest was in Norway.
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Pediatrics: Diet Matters
Specific diets show evidence of efficacy in the treatment of several common pediatric disorders.
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Does Tonsillectomy Decrease Throat Infections?
For children with recurrent throat infections, tonsillectomy leads to fewer throat infections and less school absence during the first post-operative year (as compared to similar children who did not undergo tonsillectomy). However, beneficial effects of surgery do not persist over time.
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Pediatrics: Diet Matters
Specific diets show evidence of efficacy in the treatment of several common pediatric disorders.
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Decreasing Malaria Mortality in Africa
Malaria mortality in Africa has decreased by approximately 57% during the past 15 years, but some areas still have low level use of bed nets, low coverage with antimalarial medication, and higher death rates due to malaria. At the same time, anti-malarial measures are still important for individuals traveling to endemic areas.
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A Short Course of Antibiotics for Acute Otitis Media in Children Leads to Worse Outcomes Compared to Standard Course Therapy
A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial determined that in children 6-23 months of age with acute otitis media, five days of amoxicillin-clavulanate resulted in more clinical failure compared to a 10-day course of therapy.
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Cryptosporidiosis in India — and in Your Community Swimming Pool?
Almost all children in some parts of India have at least one Cryptosporidium infection during the first three years of life.
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No Significant Association Between Autism Risk and Maternal Influenza and Vaccination
A very large cohort study over 11 years failed to find an association between autism risk and maternal influenza infection or influenza vaccination during pregnancy. A low risk of autism was associated on initial analysis with first-trimester vaccination, but adjusting statistically for the multiplicity of hypotheses tested in the study showed that this association could be due to chance (P = 0.10).