Mortality rates from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain high, even as therapy has improved over the last decade. Recent guidelines for management center on mechanical ventilation, with initial therapy beginning upon identification and treatment of the underlying cause of the ARDS. There is reasonable consensus regarding the use of lung-protective strategies, such as low tidal volume ventilation, prone positioning for those meeting criteria for severe ARDS, and restrictive fluid management after the initial resuscitation. However, for patients with the most severe disease, these treatments often are not completely effective, and we look for other therapies that might help.
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